Fill the Certificado de Residencia Fiscal (Modelo 01 / Modelo 02) — Free, No Sign-Up

The Certificado de Residencia Fiscal is the official tax-residency certificate issued by the Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria (AEAT) confirming that the holder was a tax resident in Spain (residente fiscal) for a given tax year. It is the document foreign tax authorities, foreign banks, paying agents and counterparties require to recognise Spanish tax residency and apply treaty relief under a Convenio de Doble Imposición (CDI). The certificate is issued in two variants — Modelo 01 (general) and Modelo 02 (a efectos del Convenio para evitar la doble imposición with a named treaty country).

Any person or entity that is tax resident in Spain and needs to prove that residency to a foreign authority, bank or counterparty: Spanish residents earning dividends, royalties, rents, professional fees, salaries or pensions abroad and claiming reduced withholding under a CDI; expatriates who must demonstrate Spanish residency to be treated as non-resident in another country; companies seeking treaty relief on cross-border payments; foreign banks running FATCA or CRS checks; and counterparties applying retención en origen at treaty rates rather than the domestic rate.

Modelo 01 is the Certificado de Residencia Fiscal general — a plain confirmation that the holder is a tax resident in Spain for a given year. Use it for non-treaty contexts: foreign banks opening an account, KYC documentation, FATCA / CRS self-certification, or any administration in a country that does not have a CDI with Spain. Modelo 02 is the Certificado de Residencia Fiscal a efectos del Convenio para evitar la doble imposición — it names the specific treaty country (for example, "a efectos del Convenio entre España y Alemania") and is the version foreign tax authorities and paying agents will demand to apply treaty-reduced withholding rates. If treaty relief is at stake, request Modelo 02 for each country you need it for.

Spain has more than 100 Convenios de Doble Imposición in force, broadly aligned with the OECD Model Tax Convention. Major partners include the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Portugal, Ireland, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Chile, China, Japan, India, Australia and most EU member states. The full and up-to-date list of CDIs in force is maintained by AEAT and the Ministerio de Hacienda — check agenciatributaria.es → Convenios de doble imposición. If a treaty country exists, request Modelo 02 naming it; if there is no CDI with the destination country, Modelo 01 is the appropriate variant.

After filing the request on the sede electrónica AEAT (Trámites Online → Certificados Tributarios) the certificate is normally issued electronically within 1 to 10 working days; routine cases without follow-up are often produced the same or next day. The Certificado de Residencia Fiscal is valid for one year from issue and certifies tax residency for the specific tax year requested. Renewal is a fresh request each year for which you need proof — there is no rolling validity, and a certificate issued for ejercicio 2025 does not cover 2026.

For use inside the EU and inside countries party to specific bilateral agreements with Spain (notably the EU Regulation 2016/1191 simplifying public documents in the EU), no — the certificate is accepted as issued. For use in countries that are members of the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention but outside those simplified channels, the certificate generally must be legalised with an apostilla de La Haya, applied by the Ministerio de Justicia or the relevant Tribunal Superior de Justicia. For countries not party to the Hague Convention, full diplomatic legalisation (legalización consular) at the Spanish consulate and the destination country's consulate is required. Confirm the requirement with the foreign authority that will receive the certificate before requesting an apostille.

The certificate is issued in Spanish. If the foreign authority, bank or paying agent requires the document in another language, you must have it translated by a traductor jurado — a sworn translator accredited by the Spanish Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación. A list of authorised traductores jurados per language is published on the Ministerio's website. Some foreign administrations accept the original Spanish certificate alongside a non-sworn translation; others insist on a sworn translation and, in countries party to the Hague Convention, an apostille on the sworn translation as well. Always ask the receiving authority which format they require.

If a foreign authority rejects the Certificado de Residencia Fiscal — often because the wrong variant was requested (Modelo 01 instead of Modelo 02), the named treaty country is wrong, the tax year is wrong, or the apostille / sworn translation requirement was not met — the practical fix is to request the correct variant from AEAT and resubmit. If the foreign authority disputes Spanish tax residency itself, the OECD Model Tax Convention tiebreaker rules apply (permanent home, centre of vital interests, habitual abode, nationality) and the case can be escalated through the Mutual Agreement Procedure (MAP) between Spain and the treaty partner under the dispute-resolution article of the CDI.

No. Modelo 100 is the annual IRPF income-tax return that Spanish tax residents file each year — it shows declared income but is not, by itself, a certificate of tax residency. Foreign authorities will typically not accept Modelo 100 alone as proof. The dedicated, AEAT-issued Certificado de Residencia Fiscal (Modelo 01 or Modelo 02) is the official document that certifies residency status; filing Modelo 100 is what makes you eligible to be issued the certificate, but the two documents serve different purposes — declaration vs certification.

No. The Agencia Tributaria only issues the Certificado de Residencia Fiscal through the sede electrónica AEAT, authenticated with a certificado digital, DNI electrónico (DNIe) or Cl@ve / Cl@ve PIN credentials. PDF Edit lets you fill the Modelo 01 / Modelo 02 request layout in your browser for drafting, agent review, paper records, or learning the form — your data stays on your device and nothing is uploaded. For the actual presentation, log into agenciatributaria.es (Trámites Online → Certificados Tributarios → Certificado de Residencia Fiscal) and submit there.